Hi Igor. There is no single right answer to this. Most major manufacturers have an “endurance” road bike in their lineup.

The difference between endurance and racing road bikes would be focus in one or more areas: a slack geometry for comfort and compliance, vibration-dampening forks, stem, or seat-post. Perhaps a softer bar tape or stock saddle. Even the frame’s tire clearance (and choice of stock tire width) might be more designed for the rider being able to withstand longer rides. That said, it will still have gears like a race bike - maybe with a slightly easier ratio.

If it’s alloy, it may have a chromoly fork. If it’s a carbon bike, the carbon layup may sacrifice stiffness (and therefore power transfer, speed) for comfort.

Outside of endurance bikes, there’s also touring bikes, if you want to go super long distances. The gearing would be more designed for carrying heavy loads instead or racing. And the frame would have better mount points for carrying luggage.

Also note, that if you already have a bike, there may be many things you can change on it to make it more comfortable for longer rides.